Acharya Prashant argues that overpopulation is not merely a societal problem but a grave crime against the planet and humanity. He asserts that while positive measures like education, medical services, and women's participation in the workforce naturally lower fertility rates, they must be supplemented by strong government disincentives. He suggests that governments should stop or reduce subsidies for families with more than two children and instead provide material and social rewards for those who choose to have one or no children. He emphasizes that the state should use its financial and media influence to present child-free couples as role models rather than relying on draconian measures.