Acharya Prashant explains the difference between a mistake and a sin. To understand this, one must first know what is right. To know what is right, one must first know who they are. The speaker advises giving a grounded, realistic answer to the question 'Who am I?': 'I am an unsatisfied consciousness.' This means being a thirsty mind with many desires, fears, and a longing to attain much. For this unsatisfied consciousness, the right action is that which leads it towards satisfaction and completeness. Anything that takes you towards completeness and peace is the right action. A mistake occurs when you do something thinking it will lead you to peace and completeness, but it actually takes you deeper into restlessness and incompleteness. You wanted peace but got restlessness. This is a mistake because your thinking lacked depth, and you were not familiar with your own mind. You saw something, thought it would be good for you, and rushed towards it without deeply examining the object or your own mind. Here, the intention was not flawed, but the understanding was. A mistake happens inadvertently. Forgiveness for a mistake is possible. When you realize that an action is bringing restlessness instead of the intended peace, and you drop that action, you have been forgiven for the mistake. A sin, on the other hand, is when you know that an action will not bring you peace and is not right for you, yet you still do it. You know this either from your own experience or from the knowledge given by someone else. When you knowingly and deliberately do the wrong thing, that is a sin. There is no forgiveness for sin, only punishment. The punishment is the suffering you will have to endure. The one who commits a sin will not change their decision willingly, so circumstances must strike them to break them. The punishment is meant to free the sinner from their sin. The speaker also distinguishes these from a crime, which is an act against established social or legal rules. It is possible to be a great sinner without being a criminal, and conversely, one could be a criminal in the eyes of the law without being a sinner internally.