Acharya Prashant begins by agreeing with the premise that our actions arise from our thoughts, a point he considers obvious. He then deepens the inquiry by asking where these thoughts themselves come from. He explains that thoughts originate from our past experiences. Using the example of language, he illustrates that one can think in Hindi or English because of past exposure, but not in Russian if one has no prior experience with it. Therefore, what is not in your past cannot be in your thought. You cannot think of anything except what is already in your past. He further elaborates that imagination is also a form of thought and is nothing but the past. This leads to the conclusion that thought is not true, because reality is in the present moment, right now, whereas thought is always in the past. Since thought is from the past, it is merely a memory and cannot be the truth of the present. The future we imagine, he explains, is also a product of the past. The mind, having experienced pleasure and pain, desires to repeat pleasure and avoid pain, and this desire shapes our imagination of the future. Consequently, the future we envision is not new but a recycling of the past. We claim to want a new, bright future, but all our imaginations about it are sourced from our past experiences because the mind can only think about what it has already experienced. The speaker contrasts the oldness of thought with the newness of the present moment, stating that to live in thought is to miss out on the present. He distinguishes between listening and thinking, noting that one who is truly listening is not thinking, and one lost in thought cannot truly listen. An action in the present that arises from thought (the past) will always be flawed. However, not all actions come from thought; some, like skillfully riding a bike, are spontaneous and arise from understanding. There is a significant difference between thinking and understanding. Thinking is a sign of confusion; when there is clarity, there is no need for thought, only a spontaneous response.