Acharya Prashant responds to a question about whether there has been any inward evolution in human beings. He states unequivocally that there has been no inward evolution. To illustrate his point, he compares a human being to an amoeba or a paramecium. He explains that the basic instinct of an amoeba is to exist, and similarly, the basic instinct of a human is also to exist. In this fundamental sense, he asserts, nothing has changed, and we are still the amoeba. The speaker acknowledges that this statement is vulnerable to many arguments. However, he urges the listener to approach the topic with empathy and understanding to grasp its truth. He elaborates that despite all our evolutionary gifts—such as intellect, memory, muscle, and technology—we are not fundamentally different from any other conscious life form. An amoeba reproduces, and so do we. An amoeba eats, and so do we. An amoeba wants its own space and territory, and so do we, using our resources, money, knowledge, and skills to acquire both physical and psychological territory. Even our advanced faculties, like language, are often used for the same basic purposes. For instance, humans use language to mate, which is just a more complex way of fulfilling the same instinct as an amoeba. Acharya Prashant further explains that the potential for liberation is a deceptive concept. While humans have the potential to go beyond their animalistic existence, a potential other animals lack, this is a biological potential of the body. The consciousness attached to the human body can seek freedom from it. This makes man's situation unfortunate; while other life forms are content with their bodily existence, man is born with a special urge to transcend it. This can be viewed as either superiority or misfortune. The speaker emphasizes that this potential is often wasted. Living like an amoeba despite having the potential for liberation makes us worse than an amoeba, which at least lives up to its potential. He concludes that true evolution is wisdom, which is not guaranteed by age or experience. The one duty of a human is to materialize this potential, which the Upanishads call Atma (the Self).